Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on behavioral changes and glycemic control and a survey of telemedicine in patients with diabetes: A multicenter retrospective observational study.

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: To investigate whether the COVID-19 pandemic affected behavioral changes and glycemic control in patients with diabetes and to conduct a survey of telemedicine during the pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, a total of 2,348 patients were included from 15 medical facilities. Patients were surveyed about their lifestyle changes and attitudes toward telemedicine. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were compared among before (from June 1 to August 31, 2019) and in the first (from June 1 to August 31, 2020) and in the second (from June 1 to August 31, 2021) year of the pandemic. A survey of physician attitudes toward telemedicine was also conducted. RESULTS: The HbA1c levels were comparable between 2019 (7.27 ± 0.97%), 2020 (7.28 ± 0.92%), and 2021 (7.25 ± 0.94%) without statistical difference between each of those 3 years. Prescriptions for diabetes medications increased during the period. The frequency of eating out was drastically reduced (51.7% in 2019; 30.1% in 2020), and physical activity decreased during the pandemic (48.1% in 2019; 41.4% in 2020; 43.3% in 2021). Both patients and physicians cited increased convenience and reduced risk of infection as their expectations for telemedicine, while the lack of physician-patient interaction and the impossibility of consultation and examination were cited as sources of concern. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that glycemic control did not deteriorate during the COVID-19 pandemic with appropriate intensification of diabetes treatment in patients with diabetes who continued to attend specialized diabetes care facilities, and that patients and physicians shared the same expectations and concerns about telemedicine.

Lifestyles of highly active older adults before and during the covid-19 pandemic: A qualitative study based on the socio-ecological model

The purpose of this study was to explore the motivation of highly physically active older adults based on the socio-ecological model, both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were aged 65 or older, engaged in at least 150 minutes of self-identified moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA) per week, and did not report any significant chronic conditions or cognitive impairment that would limit a participant's engagement in PA. Data were collected from January to March 2020 using in-person, one-on-one interviews (N = 19). The follow-up data were collected by e-mail in January 2021. Participants were asked via e-mail questions regarding changes in PA since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Individual traits are the primary motivational factors for PA. Highly physically active older adults had access to and utilized resources for PA and had social circles with other physically active older adults. While the COVID-19 pandemic had affected PA, overall participants tried to maintain their PA. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Adaptation of ACTivate Your Wellbeing, a Digital Health and Well-being Program for Young Persons: Co-design Approach.

BACKGROUND: ACTivate your wellbeing is a digital health and well-being program designed to support and encourage positive lifestyle behavior change. The website includes 5 lifestyle behavior change modules and a 12-week well-being intervention based on acceptance and commitment therapy. It was timely to adapt the resource for a new audience in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Young persons' mental health needs have increased substantially, and lifestyle behaviors play a critical role in both mental and physical health statuses. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to adapt an existing health and well-being website for use by young persons aged 16 to 24 years. METHODS: A 3-staged participatory, co-design approach was adopted. The participants reviewed the existing program and provided feedback (stage 1) before cocreating new content (stage 2). Finally, the updated program underwent formative evaluation (stage 3). Two groups were created: one had access for 3 weeks and the other could self-select their study duration. The options were 3 weeks, 60 days, or 90 days. Outcome measures were the Warwick and Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire, and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire version 2. RESULTS: Stage 1 identified that the website was appealing to the new audience (19/24, 79%), and the 3 web-based focus group discussions explored data from the written review in more depth to identify and clarify the main areas for update and adaptation. Overall, 3 themes were developed, and the data informed the creation of 6 tasks for use in 5 web-based co-design workshops. Stage 2 led to the cocreation of 36 outputs, including a new name, new content, scenarios, images, and a new user dashboard, which included streaks and an updated color scheme. After the website update program was completed, 40 participants registered to use the website for formative evaluation (stage 3). Data analysis revealed differences in engagement, completion, and mean well-being after intervention between the 2 groups. The completion rate was 68% in the 3-week duration group, and well-being scores improved after intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Young persons engaged actively with the participatory design process. The participants discussed the updates they desired during the web-based discussions, which worked well via Zoom (Zoom Video Communications Inc) when small groups were used. The participants easily cocreated new content during the web-based co-design workshops. The web-based format enabled a range of participants to take part, share their ideas, search for images, and design digital content creatively together. The Zoom software enabled screen sharing and collaborative whiteboard use, which helped the cocreation process. The formative evaluation suggested that younger users who engage more with the website for a shorter duration may benefit more.

Changes in Lifestyle Behaviors of Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Impact on the Development of Non-Communicable Diseases: A Narrative Review.

Background: Quarantine restrictions have changed the usual lifestyle habits of children and adolescents. In this review, we summarize how the COVID-19 outbreak changed lifestyle during childhood and discuss potential short- and long-term effects of NCD high-risk behaviors on health outcomes. Methods: literature search was conducted in Medline database (PubMed), Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. All studies that assessed the relationship between COVID-19 outbreak and lifestyle changes were included. Results: NCD risk factors such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, prolonged screen time and sedentary behavior, disrupted sleep schedules and sleep quality, as well as mental disorders during COVID19 in childhood, may increase the susceptibility to NCDs in adulthood. These changes in lifestyle behaviors have short and long-term cardio-metabolic and psychological health outcomes. Since it is not clear when COVID-19 is completely controlled, assessment of the interactions between COVID-19 and lifestyle activities in the pediatric age group is critical. Conclusion: The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has greatly influenced all levels of health systems. During the COVID-19 pandemic, prevention and management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) will need to be prioritized even further.

How Has COVID-19 Affected Mental Health and Lifestyle Behaviors after 2 Years? The Third Step of a Longitudinal Study of Italian Citizens.

The COVID-19 pandemic and its protective measures had a tremendous effect on the general population's mental health and deeply affected their lifestyle. The present study carried out a longitudinal analysis to evaluate the long-lasting psychological effects of the pandemic and its impact on the general population's day-to-day routine. Three points in time were considered: the initial period of the lockdown (T1; n = 2766; March 2020), the final period of the lockdown (T2; n = 439; May 2020) and two years after the lockdown (T3; n = 268; July 2022). Frequency analyses were carried out to examine which behavioral changes were maintained following the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown; furthermore, a repeated measures ANOVA test was run to measure differences in depression, stress, and anxiety levels between the three periods considered; lastly, multivariable ordinal logistic regression analyses were carried out to examine which variables were associated with psychological distress more than two years after the lockdown. The results highlighted that depression at T3 was associated with depression at T2 and negative affect, whereas stress at T3 was associated with stress at T2 and detachment. The psychological effects and lifestyle changes are also discussed.

Impact of quarantine on lifestyle and psychological state of people during the COVID-19 pandemic

Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess impact of quarantine on lifestyle behavior and the psychological state of persons during the COVID-19 pandemic. Study Design: This study was a cross-sectional study. Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 216 persons quarantined during the COVID-19 pandemic at home or in selected facilities set up by various tertiary care hospitals and administrative authorities in various parts of India. The questionnaire was distributed among participants using electronic media. Psychological state during quarantine was assessed using the DASS 21 questionnaire. Results: Out of 57.4% of responders who gave a history of physical exercise before quarantine, 52.7% reported a reduction in physical activity. 18.5% of study participants brought about dietary changes towards healthy diet during quarantine, while 24.5% took up some new activities or hobbies. 62.9% of respondents reported any degree of psychological stress (depression, stress, or anxiety) during the quarantine. Conclusions: Quarantine impacted psychological state of individuals and brought about changes in lifestyle with both positive attributes such as dietary modification toward healthy diet or negative attributes such as reduction in physical activity. IEC activities have a positive impact in terms of reducing negative attributes and increasing the compliance toward quarantine. © 2022 Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth ;Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.

Eating Habits and Lifestyle Changes during COVID-19 Pandemic among Indonesian College Students: Results from Indonesia Dietary and Lifestyle Changes (IDLC) Study

Introduction: Since the COVID-19 pandemic, students in Indonesia have been faced with challenges to their daily eating habits and lifestyle patterns. Many of them have had to adapt to new health protocols during the pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on eating habits and lifestyle changes among college students. Methods: Data was collected from 952 students using a self-administered online questionnaire using Qualtrics. Bivariate analysis was used to determine eating habits and lifestyle changes based on socio-demography and nutritional status. Results: : Female students had significantly lower physical activity status than male students. The students mostly ordered food by an online-delivery food system. Male students had significantly increased their smoking frequency during the COVID-19 pandemic, in comparison to before the pandemic. Female students consumed a higher quantity of immune booster foods such as multivitamin, fruits, honey, and herbal drinks compared to male students. Students had a high adherence to follow a balanced diet (64.50%). Conclusion: In this study, we have provided for the first-time data on eating habits and lifestyles changes and the adherence of balanced nutrition in Indonesian students during the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2022 UPM Press. All rights reserved.

Effect of Lockdown Due to COVID-19 on Health and Lifestyle of Psoriasis Patients: A Web-Based Survey.

Background: Chronic skin diseases like psoriasis affect a patient's physical, psychological, and social functioning as well as well-being, and the lockdown acted as a cofactor in further worsening the quality of life in psoriasis patients. Objective: The objective of the study is to assess the effect of lockdown on the health, lifestyle, and mental well-being of psoriasis patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done using an online questionnaire shared through messenger applications to the patients of chronic plaque psoriasis who registered in the psoriasis clinic between August 2020 and December 2020. Data regarding demographics, psoriasis, lifestyle changes, mental status, financial loss, and problems faced during lockdown were collected. Results: Our study included 181 completed questionnaires. The mean age was 37.7 (SD 13.9) years, and 124 (68.5%) were males. Sixty-five (35.9%) patients reported worsening of their psoriasis during the lockdown. Ordinal regression analysis revealed male sex had a higher proportion of worsening of psoriasis (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.29-5.08, P < 0.007). Duration of illness <6 months (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.02-0.98, P < 0.04) and feeling relaxed (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.03-0.56, P < 0.005) were negatively associated with disease worsening. Conclusion: The findings of our study reveal the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown on the life of people with psoriasis. A substantial number of patients had a flare of psoriasis during the lockdown. A shorter duration of illness and relaxed mental status was negatively associated with disease worsening. Individuals with financial loss felt anxious or depressed.

Associations between Lifestyle Changes, Risk Perception and Anxiety during COVID-19 Lockdowns: A Case Study in Xi'an.

The outbreak of COVID-19 dramatically changed individuals' lifestyles, which in turn triggered psychological stress and anxiety. Many previous studies have discussed the relationships between lifestyle changes and anxiety and risk perception and anxiety independently. However, few papers have discussed these factors in a comprehensive and systematic manner. We established a six-dimensional system to assess changes in individuals' lifestyles, which include dietary habits, physical activity (PA), sleep, screen time, smoking and alcohol consumption, and interaction with neighbors. Then, we collected information relating to socio-demographics, lifestyle changes, risk perception, and anxiety, and discussed their associations using multilinear and stepwise logistic regressions. The results show that not all lifestyle changes had an influence on anxiety. Changes in PA and interaction with neighbors were not significantly associated with anxiety. Risk perception was found to be inversely related to anxiety. Changes in dietary habits, family harmony, and net income were negatively related to anxiety among the group with higher risk perception. As individuals perceived a higher severity of COVID-19, the impact of their financial status on anxiety increased. These findings provide a valuable resource for local governments seeking to refine their pandemic strategies by including approaches such as advocating healthy lifestyles and stabilizing the job market to improve individuals' mental health during lockdowns.

Changes in lifestyle behaviors during COVID-19 isolation in Argentina: A cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to identify changes in population habits induced by COVID-19 confinement in Argentina. METHODS: An internet-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among adults in Argentina on December 2020, requesting possible changes occurring during the COVID-19 outbreak. It included 26 questions regarding general information (age, gender, location), eating habits, desire/anxiety for food or to eat between meals, weight gain, physical activity, and hours of sleep. We ran a descriptive statistical analysis of changes in habits and lifestyle during the confinement, followed by a logistic regression analysis to explore the relation between these changes and weight gain. Results: Out of 1536 survey participants, 57.1% were female, aged 38.8 ± 13.1 years. Data showed that during the outbreak, people experienced significant changes in food intake, physical activity, nutritional supplement consumption, anxiety, and sleeping disorders. These changes in behavior resulted in an elevated percentage of people (39.7%) that gained weight (average 4.8 ± 2.8 kg). Weight gain was associated with more food consumption (OR: 9.398), increased snacking between meals (OR: 1.536), anxiety about food (OR: 3.180), less practice of physical activity (OR: 0.586) and less consumption of nutritional supplements (OR: 0.762). Conclusions: COVID-19 outbreak was associated with unhealthy lifestyle changes and body weight increase. These adverse side effects could be prevented by active promotion of nutritional advice and physical activity, implementing virtual activities associated with regular mass promotion campaigns.

The Impact of Changes regarding Working Circumstances during COVID-19 Pandemic upon Patients Evaluated for Thyroid Dysfunction.

We evaluated patients who presented with thyroid dysfunction correlated symptoms that started when the Government took important measures to reduce the spread of COVID-19. These measures have influenced the safety of many people's jobs. Data were collected from 378 patients that were clinically evaluated at the Endocrinology Department, between September 2020 and January 2021. Their health status modifications were statistically analyzed in correlation with their life and work changes. These changes were induced by measures associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The lifestyle changes correlated with the COVID-19 pandemic have been present in both categories of patients: euthyroid and dysthyroid patients; 87.50% of euthyroid patients physically felt the pandemic-induced changes in their lives. It resulted in changes in lifestyle and job insecurity has a statistically significant influence (p < 0.01) on their state of health. The presence of life/work changes in men is strongly reflected in their state of health (p = 0.0004). Work instability that occurred as a side effect of the COVID-19 pandemic induced symptoms that made many people believe they have an endocrinology disorder.

THE POST-PANDEMIC IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON DENTAL EDUCATION IN CLUJ-NAPOCA COUNTY, ROMANIA

Aim of the study The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on dentistry education in Cluj-Napoca County, Romania, by studying the post-pandemic effect upon medical education and lifestyle changes of dentistry students. Material and methods We conducted an experimental study aimed at associating some of the factors related to post-pandemic situation in dental students: stress, social status, the way the COVID 19 affected study type and characteristics or clinical practice, lifestyle changes, if social life or way of thinking has changed after the pandemic. A self-developed questionnaire, in English language, with no private identifiable information was used. Participation was voluntary, answers were anonymous. Statistical analysis was performed using the MedCalc version 20.110 software. Results A number of 131 participants with ages ranging between 20 to 40 years (mean age=24.2 +/- 2.9) completed the questionnaire. There were participants from France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Israel, Italy, Norway, Romania, Syria, Tunisia, United Kingdom, USA. There was an impact of COVID upon studies, the following issues being reported: less practice, social distancing, lack of patients, online classes instead of on-site ones, missing practical activities, procrastination increase, time for study but lack of time to practice the theoretical issues, no hands-on experience, stress and panic, burnout, afraid of a potential infection in classes after the pandemic. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic did influence dental students' studies;studying dentistry and dental technology online is challenging;lifestyle changes have been noticed in the post-pandemic period.

The Effect of COVID-19 Diagnosis on the Physical, Social, and Psychological Well-Being of People in the United Arab Emirates: An Explorative Qualitative Study.

A positive COVID-19 infection may impact physical, mental, and social health. Different factors may influence these impacts on different levels due to personal circumstances. This study aimed to explore the impact of a positive COVID-19 diagnosis on the physical,mental, social, psychological health, and lifestyle practices of an individual in the United Arab Emirates. A sample of 28 participants was interviewed using online interviews. An interview guide was created based on the coping strategy model and conceptual framework of coping strategies. All interviews were recorded; then transcribed after obtaining written consent from participants. The NVivo software was used for thematic analysis based on both identified coping models. Major themes included the physical effects, social effects, psychological effects, spiritual effects, and lifestyle effects. Emerging themes include coping mechanisms, trust in authorities and the health care system, appreciation of the role of the government, conspiracy theories, and media roles. This study indicates that people diagnosed with COVID-19 have perceived very good support in terms of their physical health from the government and health authorities, but require social, psychological, and educational support during the infection period and post-recovery.

IMPACT OF COVID-19 QUARANTINE ON LIFE STYLE CHANGES, IN THE WESTERN SAUDI ARABIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Since the World Health Organization announced the Corona Pandemic in March 2020, the world has faced many challenges and fundamental lifestyle changes. This study aims to identify lifestyle changes such as diet, marketing habits, daily activities, and sleep patterns in the western region of Saudi Arabia (SA) during the COVID-19 quarantine period. Besides, this work aims to investigate the relationship between lifestyle changes and weight changes. A retrospective crosssectional study conducted in the western region, SA during the COVID-19 quarantine between May 2020 and January 2021. The descriptive research approach was adopted using a questionnaire. Subjects who met the admission requirements and completed the questionnaire was 539. The majority of participants' ages 35-44 years, they were mainly women (73.3%). The percentage of those who work from home (online) was 31.2%. Most respondents rely on home-cooked food during the quarantine period (84 %), and the proportion of people eating out at restaurants is declining. About half of the participants reported emotional eating (54 %), and the majority preferred sweets. 42.4% of participants did not store additional food or worry about food insecurity. 44 % of participants revealed weight gain. There were strong correlation between increased weight in the study participants and emotional eating (p < 0.001), physical exercise (p < 0.001), and the number of fastfood consumed per week (p< 0.05). This work showed that weight gain in people during the lockout period could be attributed to the reduction in exercise and physical activity and the increased in emotional eating.

Significant changes in follicular fluid phthalate metabolite levels reflect the lifestyle changes brought about by the strict COVID-19 lockdown in India.

OBJECTIVE: To assess if the unprecedented changes in lifestyle because of the lockdown initiated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which altered human behavior, and influenced purchase and consumption patterns, may have had an impact on the exposure to phthalates in Indian women undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI). To evaluate if the effects of the strict and lengthy lockdown in India, which promoted the new norms of stay-at-home and work-from-home, closure of beauty parlors, and restriction on public gatherings, may have contributed to a decrease in the exposure to phthalates like dibutyl phthalate and diethyl phthalate. These chemicals are found in many personal care products (PCPs) which include cosmetics and fragrances. To investigate if the extensive use of flexible single-use plastic in personal protective equipment like face masks/gloves and in plastic packaging used for online purchases, food takeaways, and home deliveries of essentials and groceries during the COVID-19 pandemic, in an attempt to provide a contact-free delivery system may have inadvertently led to an increase in exposure to phthalates like di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, di-isononyl phthalate, and di-isodecyl phthalate which are plasticizers used in manufacturing flexible plastic. DESIGN: A comparative study of the levels of six phthalate metabolites detected in follicular fluid (FF) of Indian women undergoing IVF/ICSI 1 year before and immediately after the lockdown initiated by the COVID-19 pandemic. SETTING: In vitro fertilization center in a large referral hospital in India. PATIENT(S): A total of 176 Indian women seeking treatment for infertility and undergoing oocyte retrieval were included after obtaining consent. Each woman contributed one FF sample to the study. Group A (n = 96) women (mean age, 34.0 [±3.9] years, and mean BMI, 25.4 [±4.8]) had their FF samples collected and screened between January 2019 and mid-March 2020, 1 year before the lockdown. Group B (n = 80) women (mean age, 33.9 [±4.1] years, and mean BMI, 25.0 [±4.4]) had their FF collected and screened post the lockdown between October 2020 and June 2021. Both groups were matched by age and BMI. INTERVENTION(S): The cryopreserved FF samples of 176 women were processed using enzymatic deconjugation as well as the solid-phase extraction technique, and analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to detect the total levels of six phthalate metabolites. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the change in the phthalate metabolite levels in the FF of Indian women undergoing IVF/ICSI pre and post the lockdown. RESULT(S): The median levels of mono-n-butyl phthalate (1.64 ng/ml in group A vs. 0.93 ng/ml in group B; P<.001) and mono-ethyl phthalate (5.25 ng/ml in group A vs. 3.24 ng/ml in group B; P<.001) metabolites of dibutyl phthalate and diethyl phthalate found in PCPs including cosmetics and fragrances were significantly higher in the FF of 96 women (group A) compared with the levels seen in the FF of 80 women (group B). However, the median levels of mono-isononyl phthalate (0.11ng/ml in group A vs. 0.13 ng/ml in group B; P<.001), mono-isodecyl phthalate (0.11 ng/ml in group A vs. 0.14 ng/ml in group B; P<.001), and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (0.13 ng/ml in group A vs. 0.14 ng/ml in group B; P=.023) metabolites of di-isononyl phthalate, di-isodecyl phthalate, and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate used as plasticizers were significantly higher in the FF of women in group B compared with women in group A. CONCLUSION(S): The significant drop in mono-n-butyl phthalate and mono-ethyl phthalate levels, accumulated in the FF of 80 Indian women in group B reflects a decrease or absence of usage patterns of PCPs, including cosmetics and fragrances, thereby suggesting that these women may have deprioritized their use during the COVID-19 pandemic giving preference to personal hygiene and safety. Whereas the unprecedented increase in the use of flexible single-use plastic that became our first line of defense against the coronavirus during the COVID-19 pandemic might be responsible for the accumulation of significantly higher levels of mono-isononyl phthalate, mono-isodecyl phthalate, and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate in FF of the same group.

Lifestyle And Behavior of Children During Covid-19

Due to the COVID-19 epidemic, the term "change in children's lifestyle behaviour" is currently a hot topic in society. Children's lifestyle behaviours may have been altered by home confinement during the epidemic, although evidence is still emerging and limited and which talks about SDG 3 - Good health and Well being. The present study focusses on the important factors that lead to change in lifestyle of children, to examine the effects of COVID 19 confinement and to suggest preventive measures. The design used for this study is descriptive and an online survey was conducted within Tamilnadu with a sample size of 105. Correlation, chi-square are the tools used for testing the variables. This study identifies an adverse impact on mental health, such as decreased well-being and increased posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD) and anger. These findings should be taken into account to design and implement health strategies for preserving children's health during pandemic. © The Electrochemical Society

Healing addiction with EMDR therapy: A trauma-focused guide

Unhealed trauma causes distress in the body. When the nature of the distress overrides a person's existing system for coping, or the trauma is not processed, survivors may numb themselves or seek a more pleasurable experience to escape. Such behavior is a completely natural response to unprocessed trauma. This tendency we have as human beings to dissociate, or sever from the present moment when the moment becomes unpleasant or painful, is amplified for survivors when chemicals or other reinforcing behaviors are introduced. Such chemicals and behaviors can accelerate the potency of dissociation. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy is a complete system of psychotherapy that can facilitate this process. This innovative book offers an investigation into therapies which can assist therapists to assess trauma and how it impacts the mind-body. It provides a clear guide to therapists in changing the way healing addiction is imagined. The book continues to challenge the existing paradigms for treating addiction and related issues. Despite the longstanding existence of professional treatment in North America, recidivism is high. People are still dying at alarming rates, not just from the opioid crisis that dominates news headlines, but also from the impact of alcohol, cocaine, nicotine, and other maladaptive behaviors. Moreover, the social isolation and collective trauma caused by the COVID-19 pandemic added fuel to an already raging fire, revealing massive cracks in a system for care that is barely functional. In assessment, no single drug, substance, or behavior is the culprit the real issue is the untreated trauma that lurks underneath, causing people to seek out the relief of these substances in the first place. EMDR therapy is a complete psychotherapy that facilitates the shifts that are required in an individual to achieve meaningful lifestyle change. Recovery, healing, and wellness require lifestyle change. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Socially vulnerable populations adoption of technology to address lifestyle changes amid COVID-19 in the US.

The COVID-19 global pandemic has changed every facet of our lives overnight and has resulted in many challenges and opportunities. Utilizing the Lens of Vulnerability we investigate how disparities in technology adoption affect activities of daily living. In this paper, we analyze the existing literature and case studies regarding how the lifestyles of socially vulnerable populations have changed during the pandemic in terms of technology adoption. Socially vulnerable populations, such as racial and ethnic minorities, people with disabilities, older adults, children, and the socially isolated, are specifically addressed because they are groups of people who have been significantly and disproportionately affected by the pandemic. This paper emphasizes that despite seeing changes in and research on technology adoption across healthcare, employment, and education, the impact of COVID-19 in government and social services and activities of daily living is underdeveloped. The study concludes by offering practical and academic recommendations and future research directions. Lessons learned from the current pandemic and an understanding of the differential technology adoption for activities of daily living amid a disaster will help emergency managers, academics, and government officals prepare for and respond to future crises.

Determination of Maternal Anxiety Levels During COVID-19 Pandemic Quarantine Period. A Cross-sectional Study

Objective: The novel coronavirus, named as severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), spreads primarily through humans to human transmission and for this reason governments across the globe have enforced social isolation rules. Isolation and the fear of getting infected affected the entire population, but it is felt more in pregnant women. The aim of this study is to examine the anxiety and behavioral changes in pregnant women caused by COVID-19 pandemic and antenatal care quality during the quarantine period. Methods: A cross-sectional study was initiated at outpatient clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department in University of Health Sciences Turkey, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, between 07 May and May 31, 2020 during the COVID-19 outbreak curfew quarantine period. A total of 291 patients (174 pregnant and 102 non-pregnant) were included. The data were obtained from both qualitative and quantitative methods using face-to-face survey, using the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) and personal information form with lifestyle change questionnaire. Anxiety levels, behavioral changes were compared and antenatal care quality assessed. Results: Pregnant participants had higher anxiety STAI state (STAI-S) scores than the non-pregnant participants (43.67±10.77 vs. 39.62±9.45, p=0.02). The STAI trait (STAI-T) anxiety scores were similar between the two groups (43.57±8.07 vs. 43.33±9.56, p=0.82. 60 of pregnant participants were in first trimester, 53 were in second and 61 were in third trimester. The education level of the pregnant participants and whether they received psychosocial support or in which trimester they were, did not make any difference between the STAI-S and STAI-T scores. 67.8% of pregnant participants stated about the fear of going to the hospital and 46.6% canceled their appointments of prenatal care. Appointment canceling was highest in third trimester (p=<0.001). Conclusion: During the quarantine period, increased maternal anxiety and decreased antenatal care quality determined, that may lead to increase in perinatal morbidity and mortality. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of European Archives of Medical Research is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Lifestyle changes, mental health, and health-related quality of life in children aged 6-7 years before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Germany.

BACKGROUND: The measures against the COVID-19 pandemic are challenging for children and parents, and detrimental effects on child health are suggested especially from lock-down measures and school closings. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using a population based longitudinal (birth-) cohort study (SPATZ study) conducted in the South of Germany. Data included all 6 or 7 year old children for whom a questionnaire was completed during first grade of school. Consequently, we were able to analyze children being in first grade before the first lockdown in Germany (≤ 15th March 2020), as well as children being in first grade during the pandemic (> 15th March 2020). We conducted descriptive statistics and estimated the associations between the two time periods, before and during the pandemic, and various outcomes of child health using multivariable adjusted linear or logistic regression modeling. The analysis was stratified by gender. RESULTS: Results among n = 362 children aged six or seven years showed substantially lower mean scores of health-related quality of life (difference in means: - 5.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) - 9.0, - 2.0), and higher mean scores in total emotional and behavioral difficulties (difference in means: 2.0, 95% CI 0.2, 3.8) in girls during vs. before the COVID-19 pandemic using multivariable linear regression modeling. In addition, weekly screen-time was increased in boys by 3.5 h (95% CI 0.6, 6.4). We did not find substantial differences in sleep quality, physical activity, and time spent with books, neither in boys nor in girls, however, the limited sample size has to be considered. CONCLUSION: Child health (and behavior) of first grade school children is possibly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic with adverse consequences possibly differing by gender.